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Karst Hydrology — The branch of Hydrology that deals with the hydrology of geological formations having large underground passages or fractures which enable underground movement of large quantities of water.

Kelpie, also Kelpy — A malevolent water spirit of Scottish legend, usually having the shape of a horse and rejoicing in or causing drownings; a water sprite of Scottish folklore that delights in or brings about the drowning of wayfarers.

Kelvin (K) — The SI Unit of temperature. The base unit of temperature in the International System of Units that is equal to 1/273.16 of the Kelvin scale temperature of the triple point of water. Zero Kelvin is Absolute Zero, and an interval of 1 K is equal to 1E on the Celsius Scale (Centigrade Temperature Scale) and 1.8E on the Fahrenheit Temperature Scale. 0EC = 273.15 K.

Kelvin Scale — An absolute scale of temperature in which each degree equals one kelvin. Water freezes at 273.15 K and boils at 373.15 K.

Keyway (Key) — The notch excavated into the side of a gully or stream to anchor a check dam or other structure.

KGAL — A thousand gallons (kilogallons).

Kieselguhr — A fine, powdered diatomaceous earth used in industry as a filler, a filtering agent, and absorbent, a clarifier, and an insulator. More commonly referred to as Diatomite.

Kinematic Viscosity — The ratio of dynamic viscosity to mass density. It is obtained by dividing dynamic viscosity by the fluid density. Units of kinematic viscosity are square meters per second.

Kinetic Energy (k) — The energy inherent in a substance because of its motion, expressed as a function of its velocity and mass, or MV2/2.

Kinetic Rate Coefficient — A number that describes the rate at which a water constituent such as a Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) or Dissolved Oxygen (DO) rises or falls.

Krill — Small abundant crustaceans that form an important part of the food chain in Antarctic waters.